The rATOM exchange rate Ci grows with the increase in staking income. It is determined by the total number of ATOM locked in the staking contract Qstk, the total number of redeemed ATOM Qred, the number of staking rewards Qrew, the number of slashes Qslh, the commission rate Rcom, the total number of rATOM issued M, and the total number of burnt rATOM N. The calculation formula is as follows: